Single-mode fiber optic connectors are used to connect and transmit high-frequency signals over long distances with minimal loss. In the Z-Band system, single-mode/simplex SC/APC (Angled Physical Contact) connectors are used exclusively to ensure superior performance by minimizing signal reflections.
In fiber optic communications, connector end face geometry plays a critical role in performance. The two most common types for single-mode fiber are APC and UPC.
SC/APC Connectors
- Typical return loss: -60 dB or better.
- Essential for RF video or satellite TV signal transport, where reflection severely impacts signal integrity.
- Color coded green to distinguish from other connector types.
Usage Guidelines for Z-Band
- Use only single-mode SC/APC connectors
- Never mate green APC to blue UPC connectors (causes high signal reflection and potential damage)
- Always use properly cleaned, single-mode SC/APC connectors in Z-Band systems. Avoid connector mismatches to maintain signal integrity.
- Fiber loss is ~0.5 dB/km (or ~0.000152 dB/foot) — critical in long-distance applications
Losses When Mixing Connectors
- Mating APC to UPC: ~60% signal reflection; avoid at all costs
- Dirty connectors: can add several dB of loss and permanently damage fiber face